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The IP R is a ubiquitously
2021-06-23

The IP3R is a ubiquitously expressed Ca2+-release channel from the ER, activated by IP3, produced upon cellular stimulation by hormones, growth factors or neurotransmitters. Three genes are coding for the IP3R and their gene products (IP3R1, IP3R2, IP3R3) assemble in functional homo- or heterotetram
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Previous study showed that CXCR plays an important role
2021-06-23

Previous study showed that CXCR plays an important role in viral infection and that CXCR1, as an important molecule in CXCR, also plays important roles in viral pathogenesis [[39], [40], [41], [42]]. In mammals, CXCR1 plays an important role in resisting viral infection [43,44], and CXCR1 plays an i
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tetraethylammonium This review focuses on the atomic
2021-06-23

This review focuses on the atomic basis of CRM1-mediated nuclear export. There are now 27 crystal structures of CRM1 in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) (www.rcsb.org) [64]. Collectively, this large body of work explains various aspects of CRM1 function. Here we summarize the structure–function studies t
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We further examined our hypothesis that the activation of
2021-06-23

We further examined our hypothesis that the activation of CRF and CCK systems is responsible for the enhanced anxiety-like behavior induced by immobilization stress using two antagonists to block the expression of CRF1 and CCK2 receptors. It was found that CCK2 receptor antagonist CR2945 or CRF1 ant
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Animal studies investigating the role of D
2021-06-23

Animal studies investigating the role of D1 dopamine receptors in the PFC have focused on delayed response tasks, which require online maintenance of a previously presented stimulus. Striatal dopamine is thought to be important for flexibility and updating goal representations when new information i
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Although many of the genetic changes
2021-06-23

Although many of the genetic changes remain to be elucidated, there is evidence to support a difference in incidence and rate of rupture of cerebral aneurysms between men and women, and between pre- and postmenopausal women, suggesting that aneurysm formation may be affected by hormonal changes.18,
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br Discussion The present results demonstrate
2021-06-23

Discussion The present results demonstrate that high dose estrogen–progestogen OC treatment produced impaired glucose tolerance and glucose tolerance was preserved during low dose estrogen–progestogen, high or low dose progestogen-only OC use. The study also shows that impaired glucose tolerance
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Studies of nuclear transplantation of diploid imprint
2021-06-23

Studies of nuclear transplantation of diploid imprint-free PGCs have shown that the reconstituted oocytes developed to day 9.5 of gestation, with severely retarded embryos and abnormal placentae (Kato et al., 1999). We also reported that MII oocyte injection of imprint-free phESCs without imprinted
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br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgments and funding We th
2021-06-23

Conflict of interest Acknowledgments and funding We thank Jaakko Matomäki, MSc, for the statistical analysis of the data. The study was supported by the Medical Research Council of the Academy of Finland, Decisions no. 250124 and 250114 (Centre of Excellence in Molecular Systems Immunology and
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br Substoichiometric substrate modification E ligases
2021-06-22

Substoichiometric substrate modification E3 ligases catalyze the rapid transfer of the SUMOD from the E2 enzyme to the substrate. By definition, enzymes are recycled in the reaction, allowing multiple rounds of substrate modification by a single enzyme. Thus, enzymes function at substoichiometric
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br Methods br Results br Discussion Skin biopsy and microneu
2021-06-22

Methods Results Discussion Skin biopsy and microneurography have both been described as useful tools in the diagnosis of PAN, directly identifying peripheral sympathetic fibers without the mediation of specific KPT-330 organs (Donadio et al., 2005, Donadio et al., 2012a, Donadio and Liguor
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br Introduction DNA dependent protein
2021-06-22

Introduction DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) is a multicomponent serine/threonine protein kinase and considered a member of the phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase related kinase (PIKK family). This enzyme plays a critical role in the repair of mammalian DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) throu
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thorough DNMT is the dominating enzyme responsible for
2021-06-22

DNMT1is the dominating enzyme responsible for maintenance of the DNA methylation pattern and the primary enzyme responsible for copying methylation patterns following DNA replication (Moore et al., 2013). DNMT1 maintains the mitotic inheritance of the original methylation pattern in a cell lineage d
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br Type II NAD P
2021-06-22

Type II NAD(P)H Dehydrogenases in Fungi Fermentative YeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBecause S. cerevisiae is a facultative 360A yeast capable of meeting its energy requirements with ATP generated by fermentation, only relatively few mitochondrial proteins are essential for cell viability. The mito
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DDR was originally cloned by the group of Michele
2021-06-22

DDR1 was originally cloned by the group of Michele de Luca, at the time named TrkE. The Genoa-based research team identified the skin, and the keratinocytes in particular, as a major site of DDR1-binding activity [20]. DDR1 is also expressed in kidney, liver and lung (Fig. 2). The functional role of
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