• The correlation in the increase of BADH mRNA

  2025-02-25

  

  The correlation in the increase of BADH mRNA, protein levels, and enzyme activity, demonstrate that oxidation of betaine aldehyde by BADH is primordial to regulate the GB accumulation during physiological cardiac hypertrophy induced by pregnancy, this implies a major role because GB levels enhance c

• br AMPK structure and mechanism

  2025-02-25

  

  AMPK: structure and mechanism of action AMPK is a metabolic master switch that regulates downstream signals based on shifts in the surrounding energy reservoir [6]. It is expressed in a number of tissues, including the kidney, the liver, the skeletal muscle, the adipose tissue, and the hypothalam

• Itraconazole Based on our previous work and

  2025-02-25

  

  Based on our previous work [13] and the observation that SNX9 is a partner for ACK, we have investigated interactions involving the SH3 domain of SNX9, and identified for the first time synaptojanin-1 as an alternate partner. This SH3 domain can bind a single site in ACK1, but multiple sites in the

• AZD0530 A high throughput small molecule

  2025-02-25

  

  A high-throughput small molecule ACK1 biochemical inhibition screen was performed in-house and led to the identification of 1μM inhibitor furanopyrimidine (). Further binding studies found AZD0530 to be both ATP-competitive and reversible. Early structure-activity relationship (SAR) work was perform

• Thymoquinone TQ is the major active compound derived from Ni

  2025-02-24

  

  Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major active CGP 55845 hydrochloride derived from Nigella sativa (Woo et al., 2012). Recent animal studies support the potential of TQ for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory disorders like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), RA, and osteoarthritis (OA) (Salem, 2005, B

• The transcription factor activator protein

  2025-02-24

  

  The transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) is a redox-sensitive transcription factor whose activity is controlled by agents that perturb intracellular thiol concentrations [10,11]. AP-1 is mainly composed of Jun, Fos, and ATF protein dimers [12,13]. AP-1 mediates the regulation of numerous

• In glucose stimulated pancreatic cells B Raf activity is inc

  2025-02-24

  

  In glucose-stimulated pancreatic β-cells, B-Raf activity is increased, while Raf-1 activity is under the detection limit (Duan and Cobb, 2010). Thus, B-Raf is the primary protein kinase involved in the rapid activation of ERK1/2 in glucose-treated pancreatic β-cells. Expression of a dominant-negativ

• Introduction Heterotrimeric G proteins mediate signal transd

  2025-02-24

  

  Introduction Heterotrimeric Gαβγ proteins mediate signal transduction through seven-transmembrane domain receptors. In response to neurotransmitters or hormones, activated receptors bind GTP via the Gα subunit leading to the dissociation of Gα from the Gβγ dimer. G proteins regulate the levels of s

• The current antifungal pipeline contains several categories

  2025-02-24

  

  The current antifungal pipeline contains several categories of compounds at different stages of development [1], [9], [10], [96]. In Table 1 we summarize the most promising antifungal molecules that are in preclinical and in clinical development. Several compounds in the pipeline are derivatives of

• br Introduction Androgens have been shown to regulate severa

  2025-02-24

  

  Introduction Androgens have been shown to regulate several neural functions ranging from reproduction to mood and cognitive abilities. This property starts as early as the perinatal period, which is characterized by prenatal and postnatal surges of gonadal testosterone, and continues through pube

• br Introduction Breast cancer is the most frequently

  2025-02-24

  

  Introduction Breast cancer is the most frequently occurring cancer in women, and despite the development of new therapies there has been little decline in the mortality rate over the past decade (Siegel et al., 2015). This is partly due to the genetic diversity of breast cancers, such that there

• Accumulating evidence suggest that patients with advanced po

  2025-02-24

  

  Accumulating evidence suggest that patients with advanced -positive NSCLC are at increased risk of VTE or coagulation disorders during the course of their disease, indicating that cancer genotype might play a role in the occurrence of cancer-related thromboembolism . Here we report the case of a pat

• Interestingly hypoxia and an enhanced Warburg effect

  2025-02-24

  

  Interestingly, hypoxia and an enhanced Warburg effect ultimately lead to increased lactate production. The accumulation of lactate results in an acidic tumor microenvironment, which induces local inflammation. Lactate also promotes the polarization of macrophages that express immunosuppressive argin

• br Introduction Psychostimulant abuse and addiction remain

  2025-02-24

  

  Introduction Psychostimulant abuse and addiction remain a societal problem in the United States. The latest statistics from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health indicate that slightly less than one million people over the age of 12 report having a cocaine use disorder (NSDUH, 2016). Additio

• survivin (baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5) (21-2

  2025-02-24

  

  Despite functional studies demonstrating the role of 5-HT in ureteral contractility, the source of endogenous 5-HT in the ureter is unclear. Since 5-HT-containing enterochromaffin cells, which are present in the gastrointestinal tract, could not be found in the ureter (Nocito et al., 2007, Ripoche,

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