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In addition unconventional mechanisms of internalization
2024-04-17
In addition, unconventional mechanisms of internalization cannot be ignored. It is generally believed that the conventional homologous internalization of a GPCR depends on the activation of G proteins, since GRK activation requires the pre-activation of G proteins (Fig. 2). Feng et al. demonstrated
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The association of male gender
2024-04-17
The association of male gender with increased atherosclerosis has stimulated interest in the role of androgen signalling in this condition. Androgens act (Fig. 2) by direct activation of androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear receptor that acts as a ligand-regulated transcription factor (Gao et al., 2005
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The first and the best characterized mechanism of receptor d
2024-04-17
The first and the best-characterized mechanism of receptor-dependent internalization of Aβ is mediated via the α7-nicotinic corticotropin releasing factor receptor [82]. Lipoprotein receptor protein represents the second best-studied route that facilitates the uptake of Aβ by neurons, involving add
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br Discussion Hepatic dysfunction in the
2024-04-17
Discussion Hepatic dysfunction in the metabolic syndrome is a driver of negative patient outcomes that requires more therapeutic options. The complexity of liver alterations in this disease – elevated de novo synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol, reduced clearance of circulating atherogenic L
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In pancreatic islets we found an increase in protein express
2024-04-17
In pancreatic islets we found an increase in protein expression of leukocyte 12/15-LO that paralleled the metabolic decline characterized by severe hyperglycemia and reduced islet numbers. Similar increase in 12/15-LO expression by Western blot was found in the control mice, which have a normal meta
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The number of times an animal reared was
2024-04-17
The number of times an animal reared was the only emotional behavior that was significantly higher in the young mice than in the middle-aged group. This may be explained by diminished curiosity or augmented ambulation with aging (Lalonde and Strazielle, 2008). A recent study showed that middle-aged
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br Funding br Introduction Plants absorb both inorganic
2024-04-17
Funding Introduction Plants absorb both inorganic nitrogen (ammonium and nitrate) and organic nitrogen (amino acids and peptides) from the soil [1]. The first organic nitrogenous molecule produced from inorganic nitrogen is Gln, whose terminal amino group is successively transferred to make Gl
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In AD and possibly other forms of dementia
2024-04-17
In AD, and possibly other forms of dementia, it has been suggested that tau mislocalization to dendritic spines anticipates neurodegeneration [48]. Accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau in dendritic spies would cause a derangement of synaptic function, thereby impairing excitatory synaptic transmi
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Differentiation of skeletal myoblasts is a tightly
2024-04-17
Differentiation of skeletal myoblasts is a tightly orchestrated process that involves myoblast proliferation, PD325901 withdrawal, expression of muscle-specific genes, and fusion into multinucleated myofibers (Horsley and Pavlath, 2004; Krauss, 2010). The maintenance of muscle mass is important for
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br KYN Acts on AhR To Induce Tolerogenic Immunity
2024-04-17
KYN Acts on AhR To Induce Tolerogenic Immunity IDO1 and TDO2 are intracellular heme-containing metalloproteins that catalyze the committing and rate-limiting step of the KYN pathway (KP) that converts the essential amino Entrectinib tryptophan to a series of biologically active second metabolite
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In earlier experiments on snails a behavioral model was empl
2024-04-17
In earlier experiments on snails, a behavioral model was employed of certain food rejection to study the mechanisms of the reconsolidation of long-term associative memory. It was found that conditioned food stimuli (reminder) presentation, combined with injections of NMDA glutamate receptor antagoni
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β-Sitosterol br Materials and methods br Results The
2024-04-17
Materials and methods Results The average body weights for each group of mice over the course of the study are shown in Fig. 2A. The average body weights of the mice in the saline control group and PACAP group increased slightly during the study. In contrast, starting at day 17, the body weigh
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A high throughput small molecule ACK
2024-04-17
A high-throughput small molecule ACK1 biochemical inhibition screen was performed in-house and led to the identification of 1μM inhibitor furanopyrimidine (). Further binding studies found CPI-455 to be both ATP-competitive and reversible. Early structure-activity relationship (SAR) work was perf
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Axl which belongs to the Tyro
2024-04-16
Axl, which belongs to the Tyro-Axl-Mer (TAM) family of RTKs, has been reported to regulate a variety of physiological processes including cell survival, proliferation, migration and adhesion, through the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (
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Recent studies have indicated that V ATPase
2024-04-16
Recent studies have indicated that V-ATPase activity negatively regulates vacuolar fusion in vivo[17]. Since we have demonstrated that the pah1Δ Nitecapone have a more acidic vacuolar pH than the WT cells, and the genes involved in the pump activity are upregulated compared to WT, the pah1Δ cells'
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